Nylon, raws li cov khoom tseem ceeb hluavtaws polymer, yog siv dav hauv ntau thaj teb. To taub nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm yuav pab kom tob tob nkag siab txog qhov ntxim nyiam ntawm cov khoom siv no.
Kev tsim cov nylon cov khoom pib nrog kev npaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tseem ceeb yog adipic acid, hexamethylenediamine lossis caprolactam. Cov ntaub ntawv raw no yog ua kom zoo kom ntseeg tau tias lawv qhov ua tau zoo li kev tsim khoom. Piv txwv li, ua ntej cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization, caprolactam yuav tsum tau hloov dua tshiab los ntawm dej los ntawm dej los ua dej thiab catalyst los npaj rau polymerization.
Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization. Noj cov adipic acid thiab cov poj niam ua piv txwv ua piv txwv, lawv yauv nyom hauv qab cov hluav taws kub thiab siab dua los tsim cov khoom siv ntev-saw kom tsim cov suab sib dhos ntev-molecules. Tus txheej txheem no yuav tsum tau kho kom haum xws li ntsuas kub xws li qhov kub thiab cov kev xav thiab cov kev xav thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm nylon. Tom qab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv polymerization ua tiav, nylon monomer yog tsim, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb txuas ntawm nylon khoom ntau lawm.
Tom qab ntawd nkag mus rau hauv cov theem melt extrusion. Cov nylon cob qhia tau los ntawm polymerization yog rhuab thiab melted, thiab tom qab ntawd yas yas los ntawm ib tug extruder los ua ib tug yaj nrog qee yam duab thiab loj. Thaum lub sij hawm tus txheej txheem no, cov yaj yog raug rau nruj thiab ntsuas kub kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo ntawm extrusion.
Tom qab extrusion, melt yog txias thiab tsim, thiab tom qab ntawd nkag mus txhim kho cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom, xws li lub zog ruaj khov thiab lub zog.
Cov theem kawg yog cov theem tom qab ua, suav nrog pelletizing, kom qhuav, tshuaj xyuas thiab ntim. Pelletizing yog yooj yim rau kev tsheb thiab tsheb thauj mus los, tshuaj ntsuam tshem tawm cov khoom noo kom tiv thaiv cov qauv, thiab ntim khoom tau npaj txhij nkag mus rau kev ua lag luam.
Nylon tau dav hauv cov khaub ncaws, kev lag luam, kev kho mob thiab lwm thaj teb vim nws kev ua haujlwm zoo dua. To taub nws cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim khoom niaj hnub no.